What is the best description of a "turning movement" in military tactics?

A "turning movement" in military tactics is best described as a maneuver that seeks to attack from the rear of the enemy. This strategy aims to bypass the enemy's main defensive positions, thereby placing pressure on their flanks or rear, which can lead to confusion and disarray within their ranks. By engaging the enemy from an unexpected direction, the attacking force can exploit vulnerabilities that the enemy may not adequately defend, creating opportunities for a decisive victory. This tactic leverages the element of surprise and often forces the enemy to divert attention or resources to defend against the encircling forces.

The other descriptions do not capture the essence of a turning movement. A frontal assault typically involves engaging the enemy head-on, which does not utilize the tactical advantage of maneuvering around their defenses as a turning movement does. A movement solely to the left flank is too limited in scope and does not encompass the broader strategic goal of attacking from various unexpected directions. Reinforcing the front may bolster defenses but does not effectively disrupt the enemy’s operational capabilities like a turning movement aims to achieve.